Awareness of the Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Different Types of Hospitalized Medical Patients

Objective: to study medical awareness of cardiovascular risk factors (FR) in hospitalized patients of the cardiac and internal medicine units (CU and IMU). Materials and Methods. A total of 100 patients from CU (n=50) and IMU (n=50) of a Moscow city hospital were included into the survey. The patients were interviewed during the I-II days of hospital stay. A special questionnaire was developed including socio-demographic and clinical indicators, open questions on the knowledge of traditional cardiovascular RFs and their target values. Results. Patients of both units did not differ in gender and age. The survey revealed an extremely low awareness of major cardiovascular RFs of patients in both units: practically none of them indicated as RFs for cardiovascular disease elevated cholesterol (0 and 2%, respectively, p>0.05) and blood pressure (0% and 2%, respectively, p>0.05). The majority of patients in both units (74 and 68%, respectively, p>0.05) reported only 1-2 RFs. Patients in both units often believed that stress is the main cardiovascular RF (66% and 50%, respectively, p>0.05). Conclusion. The survey revealed a low awareness of cardiovascular RFs in different types of medical patients at time of hospital admission.

медицинская информированность, факторы риска, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, профилактика осложнений, medical awareness, risk factor, cardiovascular diseases, prevention of complications

1. Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ). Health Literacy Interventions and Outcomes: an Update of the Literacy and Health Outcomes Systematic Review of Literature, 2011.

2. Демографический ежегодник России. 2015: Стат. сб. Росстат. M., 2015. 263 с.

3. Potvin L., Richard L., Edwards A.C.: Knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors among the Canadian population: relationships with indicators of socioeconomic status. CMAJ 2000; 162 (9 Suppl): S5-11.

4. Jafary F.H., Aslam F., Mahmud H. et al.: Cardiovascular health knowledge and behavior in patient attendants at four tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan - a cause for concern. BMC Public Health 2005; 5: 124.

5. Al Hamarneh Y.N., Crealey G.E., McElnay J.C. Coronary heart disease: health knowledge and behaviour. Int J. Clin Pharm 2011: 33 (1): 111-123.

6. Giardina E.G., Sciacca R.R., Flink L.E. et al. Cardiovascular disease knowledge and weight perception among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women. J. Womens Health (Larchmt) 2013; 22 (12): 1009-1015.

7. Koniak-Griffin D., Brecht M.L. Awareness of Cardiovascular Disease and Preventive Behaviors Among Overweight Immigrant Latinas. J. Cardiovasc Nurs 2015; 30 (5): 447-455.

8. Oertelt-Prigione S., Seeland U., Kendel F. et al. Cardiovascular risk factor distribution and subjective risk estimation in urban women -the BEFRI study: a randomized cross-sectional study. BMC Med 2015; 13: 52. doi: 10.1186/s12916-015-0304-9.

9. Mukattash T.L., Shara M., Jarab A.S. et al. Public knowledge and awareness of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors: a crosssectional study of 1000 Jordanians. Int J. Pharm Pract 2012; 20 (6): 367-376.

10. Saeed O., Gupta V., Dhawan N. et al. Knowledge of modifiable risk factors of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease (CASHD) among a sample in India. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2009; 9: 2.

11. Thanavaro J.L., Moore S.M., Anthony M.K. et al. Predictors of poor coronary heart disease knowledge level in women without prior coronary heart disease. J. Am Acad Nurse Pract 2006; 18 (12): 574-581.

12. Погосова Г.В., Колтунов И.Е., Соколова О.Ю. Вторичная профилактика артериальной гипертонии и ишемической болезни сердца в реальной клинической практике Российской Федерации. Монография ФГУ ГНИЦ Профилактический центр медицины Росмедтехнологии, при содействии Общественной Организации «Всероссийское научное общество кардиологов». М., 2009; 151 с

13. Проект Стратегии формирования здорового образа жизни населения, профилактики и контроля неинфекционных заболеваний на период до 2025 года. Дата публикации 26.06.2017 г.) https://www.gnicpm.ru/UserFiles/Strategy_draft_26062017.pdf.

14. Zigmond A.S., Snaith R.P. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiat Scand 1983; 67: 361-370.

15. Lechowicz М., Wilinski J., Kameczura T. et al. Awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in ambulatory cardiology patients FOLIA Medica Cracoviensia 2015; LV (2): 15-22.

16. Tchicaya A., Braun M., Lorentz N. et al. Social inequality in awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Eur J. Prev Cardiol 2013; 20 (5): 872-879.

17. Karam C., Beauchet A., Czernichow S. et al. Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Prevalence and Estimated 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk Scores in a Large Untreated French Urban Population: The CARVAR 92 Study. PLoS One 2015; 10 (4): e0124817. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124817.

18. Zdrojewski T., Rutkowski M., Bandosz P. et al. Prevalence and control of cardiovascular risk factors in Poland. Assumptions and objectives of the NATPOL 2011 Survey. Kardiol Pol 2013; 71 (4): 381-392.