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The Frequency of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Awareness оf Them Among Young People in Higher Education Institutions

https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2024.12.n2724

Abstract

Objective. To assess the prevalence of risk factors  of cardiovascular disease (CV RF) development and awareness of them among young people studing at University.
Material and Methods. Сross-sectional study study included 1182 young men and women studying at Lomonosov Moscow State University (age 18-44 years), with no history of chronic non-infectious diseases, who underwent a screening  in April-June 2022. All participants filled out the standard “Questionnaire for citizens under the age of 65 years to identify chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development, and the use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without prescription”, a specially designed questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for CVD development, and a questionnaire on nighttime sleep status. 
Results. In young men, the most common FRs were low fruit and vegetable intake (46.8%). Sleep disturbances were reported by 28.8% of men and 34.5% of women. Low physical activity was present in 1 in 5 young people. Obesity was found in 5.0% of the study participants. 
Young women in general showed greater awareness of CV RF. The most frequent factor mentioned in the questionnaire was smoking. More than 60% of respondents mentioned low physical activity and  nutritional factors , while obesity and overweight were mentioned by only 16% of respondents.More CV RFs were named by natural science students, and more smokers were identified among them.
Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to speak about the high prevalence of behavioral CV RFs  and insufficient awareness of their adverse health effects in young people, even with a high level of education. 
The effectiveness of preventive measures can be largely determined by their precise targeting. Raising awareness of the need for greater consumption of fruits and vegetables, sleep norms, the dangers of arterial hypertension, hypodynamia and obesity, in our opinion, is an important component of preventive work among students in universities. 

About the Authors

A. G. Plisyuk
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

PhD, Senior Researcher of the Department of Age-Associated Diseases 



Ia. A. Orlova
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Age-Associated Diseases 



E. I. Zimakova
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Assistant of the Department of Therapy of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine 



Yu. L. Begrambekova
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

PhD, Leading Researcher of the Department of Age-Associated Diseases 



E. S. Krasilnikova
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine 



I. S. Daudov
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Resident student of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine 



S. E. Evlampiev
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Intern of the Department of Age-Associated Diseases 



O. M. Nesuk
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Head of the polyclinic 



A. G. Armaganov
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

The leading specialist of the Scientific Research Laboratory of Computer technologies in medicine 



Zh. A. Akopian
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

PhD, Head of the Department of Clinical Modeling and Manual Skills of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine 



A. A. Kamalov
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
Russian Federation

Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the University Clinic of Medical Scientific and Educational Institute, Head of the Department of Urology and Andrology of the Faculty of Fundamental Medicine 



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For citations:


Plisyuk A.G., Orlova I.A., Zimakova E.I., Begrambekova Yu.L., Krasilnikova E.S., Daudov I.S., Evlampiev S.E., Nesuk O.M., Armaganov A.G., Akopian Zh.A., Kamalov A.A. The Frequency of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Awareness оf Them Among Young People in Higher Education Institutions. Kardiologiia. 2024;64(12):19-26. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2024.12.n2724

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