<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kardiologiia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-9040</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-5660</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kardiomag</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18087/cardio.2020.3.n561</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardio-561</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническое значение различных методов оценки миокардиального фиброза при гипертрофической кардиомиопатии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical significance of different assesment methods of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-2575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог Центра госпитализации и неотложной медицинской помощи ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cardiologist of Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">work.zaitsev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8494-0646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурщенков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurshchenkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач сердечно-сосудистый хирург отделения сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cardiovascular surgeon of the department of cardiovascular surgery, PhD, assistant of the department of surgical diseases Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurshchenkov_av@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0735-7822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, руководитель НИЛ патоморфологии ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">Mitrofanova_LB@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5226-1104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий отделением МРТ ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>head of MRI department of Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryzhkov_av@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-6986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of clinical diagnostic laboratory of Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazakova_ee@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-5544</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадаев</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badaev</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 6 курса ФГБОУ ВО "Первый СПБГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова" Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student of  the Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">badaevk1r@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-0813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеев</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeev</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом кардиоторакальной хирургии, заведующий кафедрой хирургических болезней ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, professor, head of the Research Department for Cardiothoracic Surgery, head of the department of surgical diseases of  Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gordeev_ml@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-3847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, руководитель НИО некоронарогенных заболеваний сердца ФГБУ "НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова"Минздрава России</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Director of the Institute of Heart and Vessels, Chief Researcher of Non-Coronary Heart Disease Research Department  of Almazov National Medical Research Centre</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moiseeva_om@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kardiomag, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/561">https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/561</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель Оценка перспективы клинического применения циркулирующих биомаркеров для характеристики фиброзных изменений в миокарде у пациентов с гипертрофической кардиомиопатией (ГКМП) с обструкцией выносящего тракта левого желудочка (ЛЖ).Материал и методы Исследование проспективное с длительностью наблюдения 12 месяцев. Включено 47 пациентов (29 женщин и 18 мужчин) с обструктивной формой ГКМП, отобранных для септальной редукции. Всем пациентам проводились эхокардиографическое (ЭхоКГ) исследование, магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) сердца, определение сывороточного уровня C-реактивного белка, N-терминального мозгового натрийуретического пропептида, а также релевантных циркулирующих маркеров фиброза (TGF-β1, MMP-2,-9, TIMP-1, галектина-3, sST2, CITP, PICP, PIIINP). Все пациенты обследованы исходно, через 7 дней, 6 и 12 месяцев после хирургического лечения. Проводился морфометрический анализ интраоперационных биоптатов миокарда для оценки степени выраженности фиброзных изменений. Пациенты принимали терапию β-адреноблокаторами (95,7%), ингибиторами ангиотензинпревращающего фермента/антагонистами рецепторов ангиотензина (34%), петлевыми диуретиками (68,1%), антагонистами альдостерона (34%), статинами (66%).Результаты Женщины с ГКМП были старше и чаще имели дополнительные факторы риска (артериальную гипертензию). Мужчины характеризовались более высоким риском внезапной сердечной смерти. При гистологическом исследовании интраоперационных биоптатов миокарда площадь фиброзных изменений составила 13,9±6,9%. По данным МРТ сердца площадь отсроченного контрастирования в среднем составила 8,7±3,3% от массы миокарда ЛЖ. Не установлено ассоциаций традиционных сердечно-сосудистых факторов риска с выраженностью фиброзных изменений в миокарде и уровнем циркулирующих маркеров фиброза. Возможно, это связано с модифицирующим действием лекарственной терапии, которую получали больные ГКМП. По данным ЭхоКГ максимальный градиент давления в выносящем тракте ЛЖ до хирургического лечения составил 88 (55; 192) мм рт.ст., толщина межжелудочковой перегородки 22 (16; 32) мм. После проведенной миоэктомии у всех пациентов отмечено значительное снижение градиента в выходном тракте ЛЖ (p=0,0002). Вместе с тем размер левого предсердия, имевший тенденцию к снижению в раннем послеоперационном периоде, возвращался к исходным значениям к 6-му месяцу наблюдения.Заключение Подтверждено повышение циркулирующих релевантных маркеров фиброза у больных с обструктивной формой ГКМП. В то же время, не выявлено корреляционной связи между уровнем циркулирующих биомаркеров и выраженностью фиброза по данным гистологического исследования и МРТ сердца, что, возможно связано с модифицирующим влиянием медикаментозной терапии и ограниченности выборки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective To evaluate prospects for clinical use of circulating biomarkers for characterizing fibrotic changes in the myocardium of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) with left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction.Materials and Methods This was a prospective study with a 12-month follow-up period. The study included 47 patients (29 females and 18 males) with obstructive HCMP who were selected for septal reduction. Echocardiography (EchoCG), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and measurements of serum C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and relevant circulating markers of fibrosis (TGF-β1, MMP-2,-9, TIMP-1, galectin-3, sST2, CITP, PICP, and PIIINP) were performed for all patients. All patients were evaluated at baseline and at 7 days, 6 and 12 months following surgical treatment. Morphometrical analysis of intraoperative biopsy samples was performed for evaluation of the degree of fibrotic changes. Patients received beta-blockers (95.7%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (34%), loop diuretics (68.1%), aldosterone antagonists (34%), and statins (66%).Results Women with HCMP were older and more frequently had additional risk factors (arterial hypertension). Men had a higher risk of sudden cardiac death. Histological study of intraoperative myocardial biopsy samples showed that the area of fibrotic changes was 13.9±6.9%. According to cardiac MRI mean area of delayed contrast enhancement was 8.7±3.3% of LV myocardial mass. No association was established between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and severity of myocardial fibrotic changes or levels of circulating fibrosis markers. Perhaps that was due to the modifying effect of the drug therapy received by HCMP patients. According to EchoCG maximum pressure gradient in the LV outflow tract before the surgical treatment was 88 (55; 192) mm Hg, and interventricular septal thickness was 22 (16; 32) mm. A considerable decrease (p=0.0002) in the LV outflow tract gradient was observed after myectomy in all patients. At the same time, the left ventricular dimension, which tended to decrease in the early postoperative period, returned to baseline values by the 6th month of follow-up.Conclusion The study confirmed the increase in relevant circulating markers of fibrosis in patients with obstructive HCMP. At the same time, no correlation was observed between levels of circulating biomarkers and severity of fibrosis according to data of histology and cardiac MRI, which was probably due to the modifying effect of drug therapy and limited sampling.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>внезапная сердечная смерть</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>фиброз.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>sudden cardiac death</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Конфликт интересов не заявляется. Исследование выполнялось в рамках государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения  рег. № НИОКТР 117121400136  «Метаболомные и транскриптомные маркеры развития фиброза».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Research has been completed in terms of the state assignment of the Ministry of Health, reg.№ НИОКТР 117121400136 “Metabolomic and transcriptomic markers of fibrosis progression”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim JB, Porreca GJ, Song L, Greenway SC, Gorham JM, Church GM et al. Polony Multiplex Analysis of Gene Expression (PMAGE) in Mouse Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Science. 2007;316(5830):1481–4. DOI: 10.1126/science.1137325</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim JB, Porreca GJ, Song L, Greenway SC, Gorham JM, Church GM et al. Polony Multiplex Analysis of Gene Expression (PMAGE) in Mouse Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Science. 2007;316(5830):1481–4. DOI: 10.1126/science.1137325</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Finn JP, Flamm SD, Fogel MA, Friedrich MG et al. ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 Expert Consensus Document on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Circulation. 2010;121(22):2462–508. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d44a8f</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, Finn JP, Flamm SD, Fogel MA, Friedrich MG et al. ACCF/ACR/AHA/NASCI/SCMR 2010 Expert Consensus Document on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Circulation. 2010;121(22):2462–508. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d44a8f</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geske JB, Ong KC, Siontis KC, Hebl VB, Ackerman MJ, Hodge DO et al. Women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have worse survival. European Heart Journal. 2017;38(46):3434–40. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx527</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geske JB, Ong KC, Siontis KC, Hebl VB, Ackerman MJ, Hodge DO et al. Women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have worse survival. European Heart Journal. 2017;38(46):3434–40. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx527</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meghji Z, Nguyen A, Fatima B, Geske JB, Nishimura RA, Ommen SR et al. Survival Differences in Women and Men After Septal Myectomy for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. JAMA Cardiology. 2019;4(3):237. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.0084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meghji Z, Nguyen A, Fatima B, Geske JB, Nishimura RA, Ommen SR et al. Survival Differences in Women and Men After Septal Myectomy for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. JAMA Cardiology. 2019;4(3):237. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.0084</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nijenkamp LLAM, Bollen IAE, van Velzen HG, Regan JA, van Slegten­horst M, Niessen HWM et al. Sex Differences at the Time of Myecto­my in Hy­per­trophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation: Heart Failure. 2018;11(6):e004133. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004133</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nijenkamp LLAM, Bollen IAE, van Velzen HG, Regan JA, van Slegten­horst M, Niessen HWM et al. Sex Differences at the Time of Myecto­my in Hy­per­trophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation: Heart Failure. 2018;11(6):e004133. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004133</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frangogiannis NG. Cardiac fibrosis: Cell biological mechanisms, molecular pathways and therapeutic opportunities. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 2019; 65:70–99. DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.07.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frangogiannis NG. Cardiac fibrosis: Cell biological mechanisms, molecular pathways and therapeutic opportunities. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 2019; 65:70–99. DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.07.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Münch J, Avanesov M, Bannas P, Säring D, Krämer E, Mearini G et al. Serum Matrix Metalloproteinases as Quantitative Biomarkers for Myocardial Fibrosis and Sudden Cardiac Death Risk Stratification in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Cardiac Failure. 2016;22(10):845–50. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.03.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Münch J, Avanesov M, Bannas P, Säring D, Krämer E, Mearini G et al. Serum Matrix Metalloproteinases as Quantitative Biomarkers for Myocardial Fibrosis and Sudden Cardiac Death Risk Stratification in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Cardiac Failure. 2016;22(10):845–50. DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.03.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayça B, Sahin I, Kucuk SH, Akin F, Kafadar D, Avşar M et al. Increased Transforming Growth Factor-β Levels Associated with Cardiac Adverse Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: High TGF-β worsens prognosis in HCM. Clinical Cardiology. 2015;38(6):371–7. DOI: 10.1002/clc.22404</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ayça B, Sahin I, Kucuk SH, Akin F, Kafadar D, Avşar M et al. Increased Transforming Growth Factor-β Levels Associated with Cardiac Adverse Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: High TGF-β worsens prognosis in HCM. Clinical Cardiology. 2015;38(6):371–7. DOI: 10.1002/clc.22404</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gehlken C, Suthahar N, Meijers WC, de Boer RA. Galectin-3 in Heart Failure: An Update of the Last 3 Years. Heart Failure Clinics. 2018;14(1):75–92. DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2017.08.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gehlken C, Suthahar N, Meijers WC, de Boer RA. Galectin-3 in Heart Failure: An Update of the Last 3 Years. Heart Failure Clinics. 2018;14(1):75–92. DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2017.08.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas MR, Lip GYH. Novel Risk Markers and Risk Assessments for Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation Research. 2017;120(1): 133–49. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309955</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas MR, Lip GYH. Novel Risk Markers and Risk Assessments for Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation Research. 2017;120(1): 133–49. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309955</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marian AJ, Braunwald E. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Circulation Research. 2017;121(7):749–70. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marian AJ, Braunwald E. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Circulation Research. 2017;121(7):749–70. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311059</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan RH, Maron BJ, Olivotto I, Pencina MJ, Assenza GE, Haas T et al. Prognostic Value of Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Sudden Death Risk in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2014;130(6):484–95. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.007094</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan RH, Maron BJ, Olivotto I, Pencina MJ, Assenza GE, Haas T et al. Prognostic Value of Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Sudden Death Risk in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2014;130(6):484–95. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.007094</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Priori SG, Blomström-Lundqvist C, Mazzanti A, Blom N, Borggrefe M, Camm J et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: The Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC). European Heart Journal. 2015;36(41):2793–867. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv316</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Priori SG, Blomström-Lundqvist C, Mazzanti A, Blom N, Borggrefe M, Camm J et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: The Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC). European Heart Journal. 2015;36(41):2793–867. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv316</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
