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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kardiologiia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-9040</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-5660</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kardiomag</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18087/cardio.2025.8.n2875</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardio-2875</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты чрескожного коронарного вмешательства у пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом после перенесенного COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Results in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome After COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагиев</surname><given-names>Ю. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naghiyev</surname><given-names>Yu. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры внутренних болезней 1 Азербайджанского медицинского университета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine 1 Azerbaijan Medical University </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.yus_naghiyev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахмарова</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhmarova</surname><given-names>G. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кардиолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимов</surname><given-names>Ф. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibrahimov</surname><given-names>F. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кардиолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Азербайджанский медицинский университет, Баку;&#13;
Центральная клиническая больница, Баку</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku;&#13;
Central Clinical Hospital, Baku</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Азербайджанский медицинский университет, Баку</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральная клиническая больница, Баку</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Clinical Hospital, Baku</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kardiomag, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2875">https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2875</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель       Сравнить результаты первичного чрескожного коронарного вмешательства (ЧКВ) при остром коронарном синдроме без подъема сегмента ST (ОКСбпST) у пациентов, недавно переболевших COVID-19, с таковыми у ранее не инфицированных SARS-CoV-2; установить прогностические критерии осложнений ЧКВ – тромбоза и рестеноза стента (ТС и РС) и прогрессирования ишемической болезни сердца, определить пути их профилактики.</p><p>Материал и методы         В 2021 г. из пациентов среднего возраста, поступивших в ЦКБ г. Баку с диагнозом «острый коронарный синдром», которым была проведена ургентная реваскуляризация миокарда методом чрескожной баллонной ангиопластики окклюзированной коронарной артерии (КА) с имплантацией интракоронарного стента с лекарственным покрытием второго поколения, были сформированы 2 группы наблюдения: основная – 123 пациента, переболевших в предшествующие 6 мес COVID-19, и контрольная – 112 пациентов, ранее не инфицированных SARS-CoV-2. Непосредственные результаты ЧКВ оценивали по шкале TIMI, осложнения оценивали как клинически – по частоте развития тяжелых осложнений («больших негативных кардиальных событий» – major adverse cardiovascular events – MACE), так и ангиографически – по частоте ранних и поздних ТС и РС, стенозов de novo, развившихся за двухлетний период наблюдения. Результаты ЧКВ сопоставляли с концентрацией биомаркеров воспаления (высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка – вч-СРБ) и тромбоза (D-димера) с тем, чтобы оценить их возможный прогностический потенциал в отношении негативных исходов ЧКВ после COVID-19.</p><p>Результаты         Установлено, что после COVID-19 частота ТС и РС, повторной реваскуляризации миокарда, MACE и стенозов de novo за двухлетний период наблюдения была выше, чем у пациентов с ОКСбпST, ранее не инфицированных SARS-CoV-2. Уровни D-димера и вч-СРБ показали прогностический потенциал в отношении негативных исходов коронарного стентирования после COVID-19. Так, ранние ТС в обеих группах ассоциировались с гиперкоагуляцией крови (D-димер ≥1500 нг / мл), у пациентов, недавно выздоровевших после COVID-19, – с отсутствием снижения уровня D-димера на 50 % и более в 1‑й месяц стандартной антитромботической терапии, феноменом «slow reflow», «мягкой» гиперкоагуляцией в сочетании с системным воспалением малой интенсивности (СРБ 5–9 мг / л). Ранние РС были связаны с системным воспалением средней интенсивности (СРБ ≥10 мг / л) или двухкратным «скачком» уровня СРБ в первые 2 нед после ЧКВ, поздние РС – с длительным (более 6 мес) системным воспалением низкой интенсивности с медианой уровня вч-СРБ 6,6 мг / л. У пациентов с коморбидным ожирением и нарушениями углеводного обмена при наличии низкоинтенсивного системного воспаления после COVID-19 в течение 6 мес риск развития осложнений после ЧКВ увеличился на 66,4 % по сравнению с теми, кто не был инфицирован SARS-CoV-2 (73,4 и 44,1 % соответственно; отношение шансов – ОШ 1,66; 95 % доверительный интервал – ДИ 1,45–1,90; p=0,041). У пациентов данной категории стандартная фармакотерапия недостаточно эффективно предотвращала развитие таких тяжелых сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, как инфаркт миокарда, инсульт, необходимость в повторной реваскуляризации, риск развития которых в основной группе был соответственно в 2,1, 2,3 и 2,0 раза выше, чем в контрольной.</p><p>Заключение          COVID-19 способен ухудшить результаты ЧКВ у пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом без подъема ST. Выявленные прогностические предикторы ТС и РС позволяют выделить категорию лиц группы высокого риска манифестации осложнений после ЧКВ и создают условия для пересмотра терапевтической стратегии их профилактики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim        To compare the results of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) in patients who recently recovered from COVID-19 with those not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2; to establish prognostic criteria for PCI complications, including stent thrombosis and restenosis (ST and SR) and progression of ischemic heart disease, and to determine ways to prevent them.</p><p>Material and methods         In 2021, middle-aged patients admitted to the Baku Central Clinical Hospital with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome who underwent urgent myocardial revascularization using percutaneous balloon angioplasty of the occluded coronary artery (CA) with implantation of a second-generation intracoronary drug-eluting stent were divided into two observation groups: the main group of 123 patients who had COVID-19 in the previous 6 months, and the control group of 112 patients who were not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. The immediate results of PCI were assessed according to the TIMI scale; complications were assessed both clinically, by the incidence of severe complications (major adverse cardiovascular events, MACE), and angiographically, by the incidence of early and late ST and SR, and de novo stenosis that developed during the two-year observation period. The results of PCI were compared with the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP) and thrombosis (D-dimer) in order to assess their possible prognostic potential for negative outcomes of PCI after COVID-19.</p><p>Results    After COVID-19, the incidence of ST and SR, repeat myocardial revascularization, MACE, and de novo stenosis over the two-year follow-up period was higher than in patients with NSTE-ACS previously not infected with SARS-CoV-2. The D-dimer and hs-CRP levels showed a prognostic potential for negative outcomes of coronary stenting after COVID-19. Thus, early STs were associated with hypercoagulation (D-dimer ≥1500 ng/ml) in both groups, while in patients who had recently recovered from COVID-19, they were associated with the absence of a decrease in D-dimer by &gt;50% in the 1st month of standard antithrombotic therapy, the “slow reflow” phenomenon, and “mild” hypercoagulation in combination with low-grade systemic inflammation (CRP 5-9 mg/l). Early SR were associated with mid-grade systemic inflammation (CRP ≥10 mg/l) or a two-fold “jump” in CRP concentration in the first two weeks after PCI while late SRs were associated with long-term (more than 6 months) low-grade systemic inflammation with a median hs-CRP level of 6.6 mg/l. In patients with comorbid obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation after COVID-19, the 6-month risk of developing complications after PCI increased by 66.4% compared to those who were not infected with SARS-CoV-2 (73.4 and 44.1%, respectively; odds ratio (OR) 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45-1.90; p=0.041). In this category of patients, standard pharmacotherapy was not effective enough to prevent the development of such severe cardiovascular complications as myocardial infarction, stroke, and the need for repeated revascularization, the risk of which was 2.1, 2.3 and 2.0 times, respectively, higher in the main group than in the control group.</p><p>Conclusion            COVID-19 can worsen the results of PCI in patients with NSTE-ACS. The identified prognostic predictors of ST and SR allow identification of a category of individuals at high risk of complications after PCI and warrant revising the therapeutic strategy for their prevention.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>острый коронарный синдром без подъема сегмента ST</kwd><kwd>чрескожное коронарное вмешательство</kwd><kwd>предикторы тромбоза и рестеноза стента</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>percutaneous coronary intervention</kwd><kwd>predictors of stent thrombosis and restenosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование Статья никем не спонсирована. 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