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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kardiologiia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-9040</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-5660</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kardiomag</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18087/cardio.2024.7.n2562</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardio-2562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биомаркеры воспаления у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2‑го типа и сердечной недостаточностью с сохраненной фракцией выброса левого желудочка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Faction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-7049</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свеклина</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sveklina</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sveklinats@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9075-8274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шустов</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shustov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор 1-й кафедры терапии (усовершенствования врачей)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the 1st Department of Therapy (Advancement of Physicians)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sbs5555@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-9394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колюбаева</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyubaeva</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. биол.н., старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksnwma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2888-9625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучмин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchmin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuchmin.63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-1240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., д. биол.н., профессор кафедры медицинской биологии с курсом микробиологии и вирусологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Medical Biology with a course in Microbiology and Virology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pooh12@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-2110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Октысюк</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oktysyuk</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 6-го курса</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6th year student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polinaok99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-2286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коняев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyaev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 6-го курса</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6th year student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konyaevvladislav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБ Военное ОУВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова» Министерства обороны РФ, Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Чувашский государственный университет имени И. Н. Ульянова», Чебоксары</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Iljya Uljyanov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kardiomag, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2562">https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2562</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Верификация связи полиморфизмов генов альфа-фактора некроза опухолей (ФНО-α, TNF-α) и интерлейкина-6 (ИЛ-6, IL-6) с маркерами воспаления и созависимыми показателями метаболизма у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2‑го типа и хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 154 пациента (средний возраст 69,1±3,2 года). Контрольную группу составили 47 пациентов с метаболическим синдромом (МС) без ХСН, 2‑ю группу – 56 пациентов с ХСН с сохраненной фракцией выброса (ХСНсФВ) и 3‑ю группу – 51 человек с ХСН со сниженной фракцией выброса (ХСНнФВ). Методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) исследовали полиморфизм rs1800629 гена TNF-α (TNF-α: G308A) в режиме реального времени и полиморфизм rs1800795 гена IL-6 (IL-6: 174 G&gt;C) методом ПЦР с электрофоретической схемой детекции. Частоты полиморфных аллелей сопоставляли с показателями клинического анализа крови, плазменными концентрациями С-реактивного белка (СРБ), ФНО-α, лептина и фибриногена. Различия групп определяли с помощью F-теста. Связи между отдельными исследуемыми параметрами выявляли с помощью регрессионного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У большинства пациентов реализация полиморфизмов генов наблюдалась в виде повышения концентрации биомаркеров в плазме крови. Выявлена ассоциация полиморфизма гена TNF-α: G308A с повышением концентрации ФНО-α в плазме крови и полиморфизма гена IL-6: 174 С&gt;G с увеличением уровня СРБ. В группе ХСНсФВ полиморфизм гена rs1800629 наблюдали у 55 % пациентов, среди которых повышение ФНО-α наблюдалось у 93 %, а полиморфизм гена rs1800795 – у 82 % пациентов, при этом повышение концентрации СРБ отметили у 21 % больных. В группе ХСНнФВ транзицию G308A в гене TNF-α наблюдали у 53 % исследуемых лиц, повышенное содержание в плазме соответствующего цитокина отметили у 67 % больных; полиморфизм гена IL-6: 174 С&gt;G зарегистрирован у 78 %, при этом лишь у 14 % пациентов с полиморфизмом наблюдали и повышение уровня СРБ. В группе контроля полиморфизм гена TNF-α: G308A зарегистрировали у 30 % пациентов, а повышение уровня свободного ФНО-α на фоне полиморфизма – у 50 % больных; полиморфизм гена IL-6: 174 С&gt;G обнаружен у 78 %, причем повышение уровня СРБ в этой группе не наблюдалось. Это демонстрирует высокую вероятность реализации полиморфизма гена TNF-α G308A у пациентов с ХСН.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Маркеры воспаления являются важными предикторами формирования ХСН. Наиболее значимым был полиморфизм генаTNF-α G308A, который наблюдался у более 50 % больных, среди которых повышение уровня ФНО-α в плазме крови отмечено у большинства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To verify the relationship between gene polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) with inflammation markers and codependent metabolic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure (CHF).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This study included 154 patients (mean age, 69.1±3.2 years). The control group consisted of 47 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) without CHF; the 2nd group included 56 patients with CHF with preserved ejection fraction (CHFpEF); and the 3rd group consisted of 51 patients with CHF with reduced ejection fraction (CHFrEF). The rs1800629 polymorphism of the TNF-α gene (TNF-α: G308A) was studied in real time by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and the rs1800795 polymorphism of the IL-6 gene (IL-6: 174 G&gt;C) was studied by PCR with the electrophoretic detection. The frequencies of polymorphic alleles were compared with the clinical blood test results, plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, leptin, and fibrinogen. Differences between the groups were determined using the F test. Relationships between individual studied parameters were identified using the regression analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In most patients, the occurrence of gene polymorphisms was eident as increased plasma concentrations of biomarkers. An association was found between the TNF-α gene polymorphism (G308A) and an increase in plasma TNF-α and between the IL-6 gene polymorphism (174 C&gt;G) and an increase in plasma CRP. In the CHFpEF group, the rs1800629 gene polymorphism was observed in 55% of patients, among whom 93% had increased TNF-α. The rs1800795 gene polymorphism was observed in 82% of CHFpEF patients, among whom 21% had increased CRP. In the CHFrEF group, the G308A transition in the TNF-α gene was observed in 53% of patients; an increase in the respective cytokine was noted in 67% of patients; the IL-6 gene polymorphism 174 C&gt;G was found in 78%, however, only 14% of patients with this polymorphism had also increased CRP. In the control group, the TNF-α G308A gene polymorphism was found in 30% of patients, while an increase in free TNF-α was associated with this polymorphism in 50% of patients; the IL-6 174 C&gt;G gene polymorphism was detected in 78%, while no increase in the CRP level was observed in this group. This demonstrates a high probability of the TNF-α G308A gene polymorphism occurrence in patients with CHF.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Inflammatory markers are important predictors of CHF. The most significant predictor was the TNF-α G308A gene polymorphism, which was observed in more than 50% of patients, the majority of whom had an increase in plasma TNF-α</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>фракция выброса левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>цитокины воспаления</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>rs1800629</kwd><kwd>rs1800795</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>left ventricular ejection fraction</kwd><kwd>inflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>rs1800629</kwd><kwd>rs1800795</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело финансирования.  Конфликт интересов Конфликт интересов не заявляется.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No funding was received for this study.  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