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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kardiologiia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-9040</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-5660</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kardiomag</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18087/cardio.2022.7.n2058</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardio-2058</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью и сохраненной фракцией выброса: опора на клинические фенотипы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: reliance on clinical phenotypes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-1393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеев</surname><given-names>Ф. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>F. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, гл.н.с. отдела амбулаторных лечебно-диагностических технологий</p><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Prof. , Chief Researcher </p><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ftageev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-6148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., в.н.с. отдела амбулаторных лечебно-диагностических технологий; профессор кафедры клинической функциональной диагностики</p><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Researcher  </p><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artcardio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦК им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chazov National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦК им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава РФ; ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ имени А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chazov National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology; Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kardiomag, 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2058">https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2058</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье обсуждается проблема повышения эффективности лечения пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью и сохраненной фракцией выброса левого желудочка (СНсФВ). Относительная «неудача» ранних исследований с блокаторами ренин–ангиотензин–альдостероновой системы во многом связана с отсутствием понимания того, что пациенты с СНсФВ представляют собой гетерогенную группу с различными этиологическими факторами и патогенетическими механизмами развития заболевания. Поэтому при лечении этих пациентов следует использовать так называемый персонализированный подход, основанный на выделении четко очерченных фенотипов заболевания, каждый из которых характеризуется набором демографических, патогенетических и клинических характеристик. На основании литературных данных и собственного опыта авторы рассматривают четыре основных фенотипа СНсФВ: 1) фенотип с синдромом «дефицита» мозгового натрийуретического пептида, сопровождающийся умеренной / выраженной гипертрофией левого желудочка; 2) кардиометаболический фенотип; 3) фенотип со смешанной легочной гипертонией и правожелудочковой недостаточностью и 4) фенотип амилоидоза сердца. При лечении больных 1‑го фенотипа предпочтительным представляется применение комбинированного препарата валсартан + сакубитрил (возможно в сочетании со спиронолактоном); при 2‑м фенотипе лучше всего использовать эмпаглифлозин; при 3‑м фенотипе – ингибитор фосфодиэстеразы типа 5 силденафил, при 4‑м фенотипе – стабилизаторы транстиретина. Те или иные черты разных фенотипов пересекаются друг с другом и могут меняться по мере прогрессирования заболевания. Тем не менее их выделение целесообразно для определения приоритетности при выборе медикаментозной терапии. Так, терапия диуретиками (предпочтительно торасемидом) должна рассматриваться при наличии застойных явлений вне зависимости от фенотипа СНсФВ; применение валсартан + сакубитрил и спиронолактона целесообразно не только при «дефиците» мозгового натрийуретического пептида, но и при наличии концентрической гипертрофии левого желудочка (кроме фенотипа амилоидоза); терапия эмпаглифлозином и статинами может быть рассмотрена во всех ситуациях, где задействованы провоспалительные механизмы.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the problem of improving the effectiveness of treatment of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF). The relative "failure" of early studies with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors was largely due to the lack of understanding that patients with HFpEF represent a heterogeneous group with various etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. Therefore, the so-called personalized approach should be used in the treatment of these patients. This approach is based on the identification of clearly defined disease phenotypes, each characterized by a set of demographic, pathogenetic, and clinical characteristics. Based on the literature and own experience, the authors consider four main phenotypes of HFpEF: 1) phenotype with brain natriuretic peptide “deficiency” syndrome associated with moderate/severe left ventricular hypertrophy; 2) cardiometabolic phenotype; 3) phenotype with mixed pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure; and 4) cardiac amyloidosis phenotype. In the treatment of patients with phenotype 1, it seems preferable to use the valsartan + sacubitril (possibly in combination with spironolactone) combination treatment; with phenotype 2, the empagliflozin treatment is the best; with phenotype 3, the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil; and with phenotype 4, transthyretin stabilizers. Certain features of different phenotypes overlap and may change as the disease progresses. Nevertheless, the isolation of these phenotypes is advisable to prioritize the choice of drug therapy. Thus, the diuretic treatment (preferably torasemide) should be considered in the presence of congestion, regardless of the HFpEF phenotype; the valsartan + sacubitril and spironolactone treatment is appropriate not only in the shortage of brain natriuretic peptide but also in the presence of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (except for the amyloidosis phenotype); and the treatment with empagliflozin and statins may be considered in all situations where pro-inflammatory mechanisms are involved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Диастолическая дисфункция</kwd><kwd>фиброз миокарда</kwd><kwd>гипертрофия левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>фенотип</kwd><kwd>сердечная недостаточность с сохраненной фракцией выброса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Diastolic dysfunction</kwd><kwd>myocardial fibrosis</kwd><kwd>left ventricular hypertrophy</kwd><kwd>phenotype</kwd><kwd>heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Конфликт интересов не заявлен.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No conflict of interest is reported.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Böhm M et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 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