cardioКардиологияKardiologiia0022-90402412-5660Kardiomag10.18087/cardio.2021.9.n1729cardio-1729Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ARTICLESВлияние тренировок в воде на состояние сердечно-сосудистой системы у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа: систематический обзор и метаанализEffect of aquatic exercise on cardiovascular fitness in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-648XЧжуХайфэнZhuHaifeng

лечащий врач

attending physician

zhf20175232016@163.comЦзиньЦзинJinJing

заместитель главного врача

deputy chief physician

try15063@163.comЧжаоГаонянZhaoGaonian

главный врач

chief physician

try13778@163.comНародная больница Тайчжоу, Тайчжоу, провинция Цзянсу, КитайКитайTaizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, ChinaChina2021300920216195260Copyright © Kardiomag, 20212021KardiomagKardiomaghttps://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1729

Цель    Провести систематический обзор и мета-анализ данных исследований, изучавших влияние тренировок в воде (ВТ) на здоровье сердечно-сосудистой системы у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2).Материал и методы    Поиск публикаций по исследованиям, изучавшим тренировки в воде у пациентов с СД2 проводился в базах данных PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science и Ovid за период до 25 мая 2021 г. Основными анализируемыми параметрами были тест 6-минутной ходьбы (Т6МХ) и максимальное потребление кислорода (VO2max). Вторичными конечными точками были частота сердечных сокращений (ЧСС), систолическое (САД) и диастолическое (ДАД) артериальное давление в покое.Результаты    Было отобрано 12 исследований, включивших 320 участников. Среди них в трех исследованиях ВТ сравнивались с упражнениями в зале, шесть исследований сравнивали ВТ с контролем без вмешательства и три исследования сравнивали результат до/после ВТ без контрольной группы. Мета-анализ показал, что по сравнению с исходным уровнем после тренировок в воде (исследования до/после) VO2max увеличился (взвешенная разница средних (ВРС)=0,71, 95% ДИ 0,47; 0,94), в то время как ЧСС покоя, САД покоя и ДАД покоя снижались (ВРС=-5,88, 95% ДИ -6,88;-4,88; ВРС=-5,76, 95% ДИ 7,75;-3,78; ВРС=-2,48, 95% ДИ -3,83;-1,13). При сравнении ВТ с группой контроля, дистанция Т6МХ и VO2max увеличились (ВРС=127,00, 95% 95%ДИ 49,26; 204,74; ВРС=2,02, 95% ДИ 1,66; 2,38, соответственно) и ЧСС покоя снизились (ВРС=-4,20, 95% ДИ -6,36; -2,03, ВТ по сравнению с контролем). Достоверных различий по указанным выше показателям между ВТ и тренировками в зале не выявлено.Выводы    ВТ как и тренировки на суше увеличивают VO2max и снижают ЧСС покоя, САД и ДАД покоя. Динамика этих показателей говорит о положительном влиянии ВТ на состояние сердечно-сосудистой системы у пациентов с СД2. Однако необходимы дополнительные данные, чтобы подтвердить влияние ВТ на результаты Т6МХ у пациентов с СД2.

 

Aims    To systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of aquatic exercise (AE) on cardiovascular health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Material and methods    Relevant literature about AE in patients with T2DM up to May 25, 2021, were collected from the PubMed, the Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Ovid databases. The main outcomes were 6‑min walking distance (6MWD) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Secondary outcomes were resting heart rate (RHR) and resting systolic (RSBP) and diastolic blood pressures (RDBP).Results    12 articles including 320 participants were identified. Among them, three trials compared AE to land-based exercise (LE), six compared AE to non-intervention control (Ctrl), and three were pre- / post-AE design without a control group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with baseline, VO2max increased (WMD=0.71, 95 %CI 0.47 to 0.94), while RHR, RSBP and RDBP declined (WMD=–5.88, 95 %CI –6.88 to –4.88; WMD=–5.76, 95 %CI –7.75 to –3.78; WMD= -2.48, 95 %CI –3.83 to –1.13, respectively) post-AE. 6WMD and VO2max increased (WMD=127.00, 95 %CI 49.26 to 204.74; WMD=2.02, 95 %CI 1.66 to 2.38, respectively) and RHR declined (WMD=-4.20, 95 %CI –6.36 to –2.03, AE vs Ctrl) when AE was compared to Ctrl. There were no significant differences in the above indicators between AE and LE.Conclusions    AE, like LE, increases VO2max, and reduces RHR, RSBP, and RDBP. These responses may improve cardiovascular health in patients with T2DM. However, more data are needed to confirm the effect of AE on 6MWD in T2DM patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.