<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кардиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kardiologiia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-9040</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-5660</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kardiomag</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18087/cardio.2021.2.n1314</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cardio-1314</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние общего времени ишемии миокарда на результаты лечения пациентов с острым инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST на электрокардиограмме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of Total Ischemic Time on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-5962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бессонов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bessonov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий лабораторией рентгенэндоваскулярных методов диагностики и лечения Научного отдела инструментальных методов исследования</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">ivanbessnv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-9131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">vdmkuznetsov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-1503</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбатенко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbatenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">Elena@infarkta.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьякова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyakova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">anastasia-cardiolog@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8265-7425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапожников</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapozhnikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">stas_ss@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский кардиологический научный центр, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАН, Томск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kardiomag, 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardiomag</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1314">https://cardio.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1314</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель    Оценка влияния общего времени ишемии миокарда на результаты лечения больных с острым инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST (ИМпST), подвергшихся чрескожным коронарным вмешательствам (ЧКВ).</p><p>Материал и методы            В исследовании использованы данные госпитального регистра ЧКВ при ИМпST в период с 2006 по 2017 г. Всего были включены 1649 пациентов. В 1‑ю группу вошли 604 (36,6 %) пациента, у которых общее время ишемии миокарда не превышало 180 мин, во 2‑ю – 531 (32,2 %) пациент с длительностью ишемии миокарда от 180 до 360 мин, в 3‑ю – 514 (31,2 %) пациентов с длительностью ишемии миокарда более 360 мин.</p><p>Результаты   Летальность в 1‑й группе пациентов (2,3 %) была ниже, чем во 2‑й и 3‑й группах – 6,2 и 7,2 % соответственно (p1–2=0,001; p1–3&lt;0,001; p2–3=0,520). Основные кардиальные осложнения («неблагоприятные кардиальные события» – МАСЕ) реже развивались в 1‑й группе пациентов (4,1 %), чем во 2‑й и 3‑й группах –7,3 и 9,5 % соответственно (p1–2=0,020; p1–3&lt;0,001; p2–3=0,200). Феномен no-reflow в 3‑й группе пациентов возникал чаще (9,7 %), чем во 2‑й и 3‑й группах – 4,5 и 5,3 % соответственно (p1–2=0,539; p1–3=0,001; p2–3=0,005). Основными факторами, ассоциированными с увеличением общего времени ишемии миокарда более 180 мин, явились возраст (отношение шансов – ОШ 1,01 при 95 % доверительном интервале – ДИ от 1,0 до 1,02; р=0,044), женский пол (ОШ 1,64 при 95 % ДИ от 1,26 до 2,13; р&lt;0,001), наличие хронической болезни почек (ОШ 1,82 при 95 % ДИ от 1,21 до 2,74; р=0,004). Проведение догоспитального тромболизиса ассоциировалось со снижением общего временем ишемии миокарда (ОШ 0,4 при 95 % ДИ от 0,31 до 0,51; р&lt;0,001). Выявлена сильная прямая корреляция между общим временем ишемии миокарда и временем от начала болевого синдрома до поступления в стационар (r=0,759; р&lt;0,001).</p><p>Заключение     Общее время ишемии миокарда более 180 мин ассоциируется с увеличением летальности и развития МАСЕ. Общее время ишемии миокарда более 360 мин ассоциируется с возрастанием частоты развития феномена no-reflow. Основными предикторами времени ишемии миокарда более 180 мин являются возраст, женский пол, наличие хронической болезни почек. Использование фармакоинвазивной стратегии ассоциируется с увеличением количества пациентов с общей длительностью ишемии миокарда менее 180 мин. Вклад времени догоспитальной задержки в общее время ишемии миокарда превышает вклад времени «дверь–баллон». Время догоспитальной задержки имеет сильную прямую корреляцию с общим временем ишемии миокарда.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim      To evaluate the effect of the total time of myocardial ischemia on results of the treatment of patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).</p><p>Material and methods This study used data from a hospital register for PCI in STEMI from 2006 through 2017. 1649 patients were included. Group 1 consisted of 604 (36.6 %) patients with a total time of myocardial ischemia not exceeding 1880 min; group 2 included 531 (32.2 %) patients with a duration of myocardial ischemia from 180 to 360 min; and group 3 included 514 (31.2 %) patients with a duration of myocardial ischemia longer than 360 min.</p><p>Results Mortality was lower in group 1 (2.3 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (6.2 and 7.2 %, respectively; p1–2=0.001; p1–3&lt;0.001; p2–3=0.520). The incidence of major cardiac complications (“adverse cardiac events”, MACE) was lower in group 1 (4.1 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (7.3 and 9.5 %, respectively, p1–2=0.020; p1–3&lt;0.001; p2–3=0.200). The incidence of no-reflow phenomenon was higher in group 3 (9.7 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (4.5 and 5.3 %, respectively (p1–2=0.539; p1–3=0.001; p2–3=0.005). The major factors associated with the increased total time of myocardial ischemia &gt;180 min were age (odd ratio, OR, 1.01 at 95 % confidence interval, CI, 1.0 to 1.02; р=0.044), female gender (OR, 1.64 at 95 % CI 1.26 to 2.13; р&lt;0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.82 at 95 % CI 1.21 to 2.74; р=0.004). Performing prehospital thrombolysis was associated with a decrease in the total time of myocardial ischemia (OR 0.4 at 95 % CI 0.31 to 0.51; р&lt;0.001). A strong direct correlation was observed between the total time of myocardial ischemia and the time from the onset of pain syndrome to hospitalization (r=0.759; р&lt;0.001).</p><p>Conclusion      The total time of myocardial ischemia &gt;180 min was associated with increased mortality and development of MACE. The total time of myocardial ischemia &gt; 360 min was associated with increased incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon. The major predictors for the time of myocardial ischemia &gt;180 min included age, female gender, and chronic kidney disease. The use of pharmacoinvasive strategy was associated with an increased number of patients with a total duration of myocardial ischemia &lt;180 min. The contribution of the time of prehospital delay to the total time of myocardial ischemia was greater than the contribution of the “door-to-balloon” time. The time of prehospital delay showed a strong direct correlation with the total time of myocardial ischemia.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Острый инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>чрескожные коронарные вмешательства</kwd><kwd>общее время ишемии миокарда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Acute myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>percutaneous coronary interventions</kwd><kwd>total time of myocardial ischemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">No conflict of interest is reported.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal. 2018;39(2):119– 77. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, Antunes MJ, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bueno H et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal. 2018;39(2):119– 77. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов В.А., Ярославская Е.И., Пушкарев Г.С., Зырянов И.П., Бессонов И.С., Горбатенко Е.А. и др. Взаимосвязь чрескожных коронарных вмешательств при острых формах ишемической болезни сердца и показателей смертности населения Тюменской области. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2014;19(6):42–6. DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2014-6-42-46</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov V.A., Yaroslavskaya E.I., Pushkarev G.S., Zyryanov I.P., Bessonov I.S., Gorbatenko E.A. et al. Interrelation of transcutaneous coronary interventions for acute forms of coronary heart disease and mortality parameters in tyumen region inhabitants. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2014;19(6):42–6. DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2014-6-42-46</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nallamothu BK, Normand S-LT, Wang Y, Hofer TP, Brush JE, Messenger JC et al. Relation between door-to-balloon times and mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention over time: a retrospective study. The Lancet. 2015;385(9973):1114–22. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61932-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nallamothu BK, Normand S-LT, Wang Y, Hofer TP, Brush JE, Messenger JC et al. Relation between door-to-balloon times and mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention over time: a retrospective study. The Lancet. 2015;385(9973):1114–22. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61932-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foo CY, Bonsu KO, Nallamothu BK, Reid CM, Dhippayom T, Reidpath DD et al. Coronary intervention door-to-balloon time and outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Heart. 2018;104(16):1362–9. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312517</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foo CY, Bonsu KO, Nallamothu BK, Reid CM, Dhippayom T, Reidpath DD et al. Coronary intervention door-to-balloon time and outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Heart. 2018;104(16):1362–9. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312517</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics–2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;141(9):e139–596. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000757</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics–2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;141(9):e139–596. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000757</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denktas AE, Anderson HV, McCarthy J, Smalling RW. Total Ischemic Time: the correct focus of attention for optimal ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction care. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2011;4(6):599–604. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2011.02.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denktas AE, Anderson HV, McCarthy J, Smalling RW. Total Ischemic Time: the correct focus of attention for optimal ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction care. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2011;4(6):599–604. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2011.02.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khalid U, Jneid H, Denktas AE. The relationship between total ischemic time and mortality in patients with STEMI: every second counts. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. 2017;7(S2):S119–24. DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.05.10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalid U, Jneid H, Denktas AE. The relationship between total ischemic time and mortality in patients with STEMI: every second counts. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. 2017;7(S2):S119–24. DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.05.10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim HK, Jeong MH, Ahn Y, Chae SC, Kim YJ, Hur SH et al. Relationship between time to treatment and mortality among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention according to Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. Journal of Cardiology. 2017;69(1):377–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.09.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim HK, Jeong MH, Ahn Y, Chae SC, Kim YJ, Hur SH et al. Relationship between time to treatment and mortality among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention according to Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. Journal of Cardiology. 2017;69(1):377–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.09.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawecki D, Morawiec B, Gąsior M, Wilczek K, Nowalany-Kozielska E, Gierlotka M. Annual Trends in Total Ischemic Time and One-Year Fatalities: The Paradox of STEMI Network Performance Assessment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019;8(1):78. DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010078</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kawecki D, Morawiec B, Gąsior M, Wilczek K, Nowalany-Kozielska E, Gierlotka M. Annual Trends in Total Ischemic Time and One-Year Fatalities: The Paradox of STEMI Network Performance Assessment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019;8(1):78. DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010078</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shiomi H, Nakagawa Y, Morimoto T, Furukawa Y, Nakano A, Shirai S et al. AS-015: Total Ischemic Time and Primary PCI: Optimal Time Period from Symptom-onset to Reperfusion Therapy. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2012;109(7):S7. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.01.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shiomi H, Nakagawa Y, Morimoto T, Furukawa Y, Nakano A, Shirai S et al. AS-015: Total Ischemic Time and Primary PCI: Optimal Time Period from Symptom-onset to Reperfusion Therapy. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2012;109(7):S7. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.01.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chandrasekhar J, Marley P, Allada C, McGill D, O’Connor S, Rahman M et al. Symptom-to-Balloon Time is a Strong Predictor of Adverse Events Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Results From the Australian Capital Territory PCI Registry. Heart, Lung and Circulation. 2017;26(1):41–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.05.114</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chandrasekhar J, Marley P, Allada C, McGill D, O’Connor S, Rahman M et al. Symptom-to-Balloon Time is a Strong Predictor of Adverse Events Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Results From the Australian Capital Territory PCI Registry. Heart, Lung and Circulation. 2017;26(1):41–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.05.114</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Solhpour A, Chang K-W, Arain SA, Balan P, Loghin C, McCarthy JJ et al. Ischemic time is a better predictor than door-to-balloon time for mortality and infarct size in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Ischemic Time Is Better Than Door to Balloon Time. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions. 2016;87(7):1194–200. DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26230</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solhpour A, Chang K-W, Arain SA, Balan P, Loghin C, McCarthy JJ et al. Ischemic time is a better predictor than door-to-balloon time for mortality and infarct size in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Ischemic Time Is Better Than Door to Balloon Time. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions. 2016;87(7):1194–200. DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26230</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song F, Yu M, Yang J, Xu H, Zhao Y, Li W et al. Symptom-OnsetTo-Balloon Time, ST-Segment Resolution and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in China: From China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2016;118(9):1334–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.07.058</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song F, Yu M, Yang J, Xu H, Zhao Y, Li W et al. Symptom-OnsetTo-Balloon Time, ST-Segment Resolution and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in China: From China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2016;118(9):1334–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.07.058</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марков В.А., Вышлов Е.В., Севастьянова Д.P., Филюшкина В.Ю., Демьянов P.В., Максимов И.В., и др. Сравнительная эффективность фармакоинвазивной стратегии реперфузии миокарда и первичной ангиопластики у больных острым инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST. Кардиология. 2013;53(10):10-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Markov V.A., Vyshlov E.V., Sevastianova D.R., Fulyushkina V.Yu., Demyanov R.V., Maximov I.V. et al. Comparative efficacy of pharmacoinvasive strategy of myocardial reperfusion and primary angioplasty in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Kardiologiia. 2013;53(10):10–5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rashid MK, Guron N, Bernick J, Wells GA, Blondeau M, Chong A-Y et al. Safety and Efficacy of a Pharmacoinvasive Strategy in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction A Patient Population Study Comparing a Pharmacoinvasive Strategy With a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Strategy Within a Regional System. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2016;9(19):2014–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.07.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rashid MK, Guron N, Bernick J, Wells GA, Blondeau M, Chong A-Y et al. Safety and Efficacy of a Pharmacoinvasive Strategy in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction A Patient Population Study Comparing a Pharmacoinvasive Strategy With a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Strategy Within a Regional System. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2016;9(19):2014–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.07.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонов И.С., Кузнецов В. А., Зырянов И. П., Мусихина Н.А., Сапожников С.С., Такканд А.Г. и др. Чрескожные коронарные вмешательства у пациентов с острым инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST после догоспитального тромболизиса. Кардиология. 2016;56(2):5-10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bessonov I.S., Kuznetsov V.A., Zyryanov I.P., Musikhina N.A., Sapozhnikov S.S., Takkand A.G. et al. Percutaneous Coronary intervention in Patients With Acute Myocardial infarction With STSegment Elevation After Prehospital Thrombolysis. Kardiologiia. 2016;56(2):5–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Auffret V, Laurin C, Leurent G, Didier R, Filippi E, Hacot J-P et al. Pharmacoinvasive Strategy Versus Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients ≥70 Years of Age. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2020;125(1):1–10. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.09.044</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Auffret V, Laurin C, Leurent G, Didier R, Filippi E, Hacot J-P et al. Pharmacoinvasive Strategy Versus Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients ≥70 Years of Age. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2020;125(1):1–10. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.09.044</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Armstrong PW. A comparison of pharmacologic therapy with/without timely coronary intervention vs. primary percutaneous intervention early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the WEST (Which Early ST-elevation myocardial infarction Therapy) study. European Heart Journal. 2006;27(13):1530–8. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl088</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armstrong PW. A comparison of pharmacologic therapy with/without timely coronary intervention vs. primary percutaneous intervention early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the WEST (Which Early ST-elevation myocardial infarction Therapy) study. European Heart Journal. 2006;27(13):1530–8. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl088</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonnefoy E, Lapostolle F, Leizorovicz A, Steg G, McFadden EP, Dubien PY et al. Primary angioplasty versus prehospital fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction: a randomised study. The Lancet. 2002;360(9336):825–9. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09963-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonnefoy E, Lapostolle F, Leizorovicz A, Steg G, McFadden EP, Dubien PY et al. Primary angioplasty versus prehospital fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction: a randomised study. The Lancet. 2002;360(9336):825–9. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09963-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finnegan JR, Meischke H, Zapka JG, Leviton L, Meshack A, Benjamin-Garner R et al. Patient Delay in Seeking Care for Heart Attack Symptoms: Findings from Focus Groups Conducted in Five U.S. Regions. Preventive Medicine. 2000;31(3):205–13. DOI: 10.1006/pmed.2000.0702</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finnegan JR, Meischke H, Zapka JG, Leviton L, Meshack A, Benjamin-Garner R et al. Patient Delay in Seeking Care for Heart Attack Symptoms: Findings from Focus Groups Conducted in Five U.S. Regions. Preventive Medicine. 2000;31(3):205–13. DOI: 10.1006/pmed.2000.0702</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawesson SS, Isaksson R-M, Thylén I, Ericsson M, Ängerud K, Swahn E. Gender differences in symptom presentation of ST-elevation myocardial infarction – An observational multicenter survey study. International Journal of Cardiology. 2018;264:7–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawesson SS, Isaksson R-M, Thylén I, Ericsson M, Ängerud K, Swahn E. Gender differences in symptom presentation of ST-elevation myocardial infarction – An observational multicenter survey study. International Journal of Cardiology. 2018;264:7–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.084</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nielsen CG, Laut KG, Jensen LO, Ravkilde J, Terkelsen CJ, Kristensen SD. Patient delay in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Time patterns and predictors for a prolonged delay. European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2017;6(7):583–91. DOI: 10.1177/2048872616676570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nielsen CG, Laut KG, Jensen LO, Ravkilde J, Terkelsen CJ, Kristensen SD. Patient delay in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Time patterns and predictors for a prolonged delay. European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2017;6(7):583–91. DOI: 10.1177/2048872616676570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brieger D, Eagle KA, Goodman SG, Steg PG, Budaj A, White K et al. Acute Coronary Syndromes Without Chest Pain, An Underdiagnosed and Undertreated High-Risk Group. Chest. 2004;126(2):461–9. DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.2.461</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brieger D, Eagle KA, Goodman SG, Steg PG, Budaj A, White K et al. Acute Coronary Syndromes Without Chest Pain, An Underdiagnosed and Undertreated High-Risk Group. Chest. 2004;126(2):461–9. DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.2.461</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dracup K, McKinley S, Riegel B, Moser DK, Meischke H, Doering LV et al. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Reduce Patient Prehospital Delay to Treatment in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 2009;2(6):524–32. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.852608</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dracup K, McKinley S, Riegel B, Moser DK, Meischke H, Doering LV et al. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Reduce Patient Prehospital Delay to Treatment in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 2009;2(6):524–32. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.852608</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
